Fare declension Italian. Italian language, Italy, independent study of Italian

This site is dedicated to self-learning Italian from scratch. We will try to make it the most interesting and useful for everyone who is interested in this beautiful language and, of course, Italy itself.

Interesting about the Italian language.
History, facts, modernity.
Let's start with a few words about the modern status of the language; it is obvious that Italian is the official language in Italy, the Vatican (simultaneously with Latin), in San Marino, but also in Switzerland (in its Italian part, the canton of Ticino) and in Several districts in Croatia and Slovenia, where a large Italian-speaking population lives, Italian is also spoken by some of the residents on the island of Malta.

Italian dialects - will we understand each other?

In Italy itself, even today you can hear many dialects, sometimes it is enough to travel only a few tens of kilometers to encounter another of them.
Moreover, dialects are often so different from each other that they can seem like completely different languages. If people from, for example, the northern and central Italian “outback” meet, they may not even be able to understand each other.
What is especially interesting is that some dialects, in addition to the oral form, also have a written form, such as the Neopolitan, Venetian, Milanese and Sicilian dialects.
The latter exists, accordingly, on the island of Sicily and is so different from other dialects that some researchers distinguish it as a separate Sardinian language.
However, in everyday communication and, especially, in large cities, you are unlikely to experience any inconvenience, because... Today, dialects are spoken mainly by older people in rural areas, while young people use the correct dialect that unites all Italians. literary language, the language of radio and, of course, television.
It may be mentioned here that until the end of the Second World War, modern Italian was only a written language, used by the ruling class, scientists and in administrative institutions, and it was television that played a big role in the spread of the common Italian language among all inhabitants.

How it all began, origins

The history of the formation of modern Italian, as we all know it, is closely connected with the history of Italy and, of course, no less fascinating.
Origins - in Ancient Rome everything was in the Roman language, commonly known as Latin, which was the official language at that time state language Roman Empire. Later, from Latin, in fact, the Italian language and many other European languages arose.
Therefore, knowing Latin, you can understand what a Spaniard is saying, plus or minus a Portuguese, and you can even understand part of the speech of an Englishman or a Frenchman.
In 476, the last Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, abdicated the throne after the capture of Rome by the German leader Odoacar, this date is considered the end of the Great Roman Empire.
Some also call it the end of the “Roman language”, however, even today disputes still rage as to why exactly the Latin language lost its relevance, because of the capture of the Roman Empire by barbarians or was it a natural process and in what language? spoken towards the end of the Roman Empire.
According to one version, in ancient rome by this time, along with Latin, it was already widespread spoken language and it is from this popular language of Rome that the Italian that we know as the Italian of the 16th century comes from, according to the second version, in connection with the invasion of the barbarians, Latin mixed with various barbarian languages and dialects, and it is from this synthesis that the Italian language originates .

Birthday - first mention

The year 960 is considered the birthday of the Italian language. This date is associated with the first document where this “proto-vernacular language” is present - vulgare, these are court papers related to the land litigation of the Benedictine Abbey, witnesses used this particular version of the language so that the testimony would be understandable to as many people as possible, up to this point in all official papers we can only see Latin.
And then there was a gradual spread in the ubiquitous life of the language vulgare, which translates as the people's language, which became the prototype of the modern Italian language.
However, the story does not end there, but only becomes more interesting and the next stage is associated with the Renaissance and with such well-known names as Dante Alighiere, F. Petrarch, G. Boccaccio and others.
to be continued...

On line translator

I suggest that all guests of my blog use a convenient and free Italian online translator.
If you need to translate a couple of words or a short phrase from Russian to Italian or vice versa, you can use the little translator on the sidebar of the blog.
If you want to translate large text or need other languages, use full version online dictionary, where there are more than 40 languages on a separate blog page - /p/onlain-perevodchik.html

Italian language tutorial

I present a new separate section for all Italian language learners - Italian Language Self-Teacher for Beginners.
Making a blog into a full-fledged Italian tutorial is, of course, not easy, but I try to give the most convenient and logical sequence of interesting online lessons so that you can learn Italian on your own.
There will also be a section - an audio tutorial, where, as you might guess, there will be lessons with audio applications that can be downloaded or listened to directly on the site.
How to choose an Italian language tutorial, where to download it, or how to study it online, you will find information about this in my posts.
By the way, if anyone has ideas or suggestions on how best to organize such a tutorial on our Italian blog, be sure to write to me.

Italian on Skype

Secrets of how you can learn Italian on Skype for free, whether you always need a native speaker, how to choose a teacher, how much it costs to learn Italian via Skype, how not to waste your time and money - read about all this in the section “Italian language on Skype.”
Come in, read and make the right choice!

Italian phrasebook

Free, Fun, with a native speaker - a section for those who want to learn words and phrases on certain topics.
Join, listen, read, learn - voiced Italian phrasebook for tourists, shopping, airport, everyday situations and much more
in the section "

June 17, 2016

What do Italians “do”? - Almost everything!
With the verb " fare» an endless number of stable, and not so stable, expressions, paired with nouns, adverbs, verbs and in various combinations. In many cases, such as with “have breakfast” or “be friends,” there are simply no corresponding verbs. Often similar cases are translated into Russian with other verbs: “deliver” pleasure or “gather” people.

PART 1. Fare+ noun without article:
Fare colazione - to have breakfast
...colazione - breakfast
Fare amicizia - to be friends
...amicizia - douzhba
Fare paura - to frighten
...paura - fear
Fare schifo - to cause disgust, to be unpleasant to someone
...schifo - disgusting
Fare scherzi - joke
...scherzo - joke
Fare pace - to put up, to reconcile
…pace - peace, tranquility
Fare pietà - to evoke pity, compassion
Fare erba - to mow/gather herbs
...erba - grass
Fare legna - chop wood
... legno - wood, tree (material), plural. legna
Fare benzina (fare il pieno - fill the tank full) - refuel with gasoline
Fare frutti - to bear fruit
...frutto - fruit
Fare effetto - to be effective (in action)
...effetto - effect
Fare attenzione (a) - to pay attention (to)
...attenzione - attention
Fare impressione - to create an impression
...impressione - impression
Fare rumore - to make noise
...rumor - noise
Fare gente - to gather people
...gente - people
Fare soldi - to make money (colloquial, as in Russian)
...soldi - money
Fare quattrini - save money, get rich
...quattrino - money
Fare acquisti - to shop (manufactured goods)
…acquisto – purchase
…acquisto a credito
…acquisto a rate/rateizzato
…acquisto non programmato
Fare caso a qualcosa, a qualcuno - to pay attention to something, to someone
More often found with the particle “ci”. Examples:
Non farci caso! - Don't pay attention to it! (don't miss it!)
Non ci ho fatto caso. — I didn’t pay attention (to this).

PART 2. Fare+ noun with article:

Fare una scoperta - to make, to make a discovery
…scoperta - discovery
Fare una bella figura / un figurone - to make a good impression, not to lose face, to distinguish yourself
Fare una brutta figura - make a bad impression, disgrace yourself
... figure - appearance, appearance
...figurone - colloquial. from figurona - huge success, sensation
Fare un discorso - to make a speech, to give a speech
...discorso - speech, performance
Fare una risata - to laugh
...risata - chuckle, burst of laughter
Fare uno sbaglio - to make a mistake
...sbaglio - error
Fare un salto - to drop by, drop in/drop in somewhere for a while
...salto - jump
Fare una passeggiata - take a walk, stroll
... passeggiata - walk
Fare una gita - to take an excursion
...gita - excursion, walk, excursion walk
Fare un giro (a piedi, in bici, in moto, in macchina, in barca) - to go somewhere (on foot, by bicycle, on a motorcycle, in a car, by boat), to take a walk/trip, usually without a special purpose or program
...giro - circle, revolution
Fare un sogno - to have a dream
...sogno - dream, sleep
Fare un libro - write a book
...libro - book
Fare ina biblioteca - collect a library
...biblioteca - library
Fare un corso di. - take a course.
...corso - course
Fare un numero al telefono - dial a telephone number
...numero - number
Fare uno spuntino - to have a quick snack
...spuntino - snack
Fare una sosta - take a break
...sosta - respite, stop
Fare + name of profession, specialty with the definite article - to work, toil (name of profession, specialty)
Fare la mano a un lavoro - to acquire a skill in work, to improve one’s skills
Fare le coccole - to caress
Fare una / la boccaccia (le boccacce) - grimace, make/make faces
...boccaccia - big and ugly mouth
...coccola - weasel
Fare i compiti - do homework
...compito - task, task, lesson

PART 3. Fare+ verb or other parts of speech:

Fare vedere - show, show
Fare sapere - to give, to let know
Fare sentire - to give, to let one hear/feel
Fare capire - to give, to make clear
Fare piacere - to give, to give pleasure
(To cause trouble - dare/portare dispiacere)
Fare ridere - to make laugh, to make laugh
Fare ricordare - to remind, to remind
Fare passare - let pass / let pass, let (someone) through
Fare male - to hurt, bad
mi fa male - it hurts me, I feel bad
Fare bene - to do well
mi fa bene - I feel good
Fare fuori (qualcuno) - to throw out, throw out (someone)
Fare a meno di... - do without, do without...
Fare tutto al mondo suo - to do everything your own way
Fare un po’ di tutto - do a little of everything
Fare niente, nulla - do nothing, there is nothing to do
For example: non fa niente - no big deal
Non fare finta di niente! - Don't pretend that nothing happened!
Fare un’ora (due, tre... ore) di straordinario - work one (two, three... hours) hour overtime
Dar da fare - to deliver, to cause trouble
Darsi da fare - to fuss, fuss
Set expressions about weather and time:
Che tempo fa (oggi)? - What is the weather (today)?
Fa (molto)caldo. — (Very) hot.
past tense: Faceva caldo(ieri). — (Yesterday) it was hot.
future tense: Farà caldo(domani). — (Tomorrow) it will be hot.
Fa (molto)freddo. - (Very cold.
past tense: Faceva freddo(ieri).
future tense: Farà freddo (domani).
Fa bel tempo. - The weather is good.
Fa cattivo tempo. — Bad weather.
Fa brutal tempo. — Terrible weather.
Fa fresco. - Chilly.
Un anno fa — a year ago
Un mese fa - a month ago
Un giorno fa - a day ago
Un'ora fa - an hour ago
Un poco fa - recently

Idiomatic expressions:

Il dolce far niente - Sweet “doing nothing”, carefree idleness.
Fare la scarpetta - collect leftover food on a plate with a piece of bread
Niente da fare - nothing can be done, there is nothing to do
Non c'è niente da fare! - Nothing can be done about it!
Dire una cosa e farne* un’altra. - Say one thing and do another.
Fa’ (fa, fai**) pure! - Do as you want!
Fa’ (fa, fai**) tu! - Do it, decide for yourself!
________________________
* fare + ne = farne
** several forms of the verb in the imperative mood are allowed (2 l., singular)

➡
What is not done is taken!
And why do Italians “take” coffee, sun and bus (train, plane).

➡
Verbs in the imperative mood are used to:
⇒ order, give instructions, instructions;
⇒ express a request, wish;

Today we will look at the verb fare. The verb fare is translated as “to do.” This is a very important verb in Italian. Present tense conjugation:

io faccio - I do
tu fai – you do
lui/lei/Lei fa – he/she/you (form) does
noi facciamo - we do
voi fate – you do
loro fanno – they do

The verb fare can be used in the following cases:

1. B direct meaning“to do something.”

Che fai? - What are you doing?
Io faccio tutto per lui. - I do everything for him.
Adesso faccio il caffè. – Now I’ll make coffee.
Non ti preoccupare, faccio tutto io quando torno. “Don’t worry, I’ll do everything when I get back.”

2. In the question “Che lavoro fai?” – Where do you work (literally: What kind of work do you do?).

We answer the question in 2 ways:

faccio+ noun with definite article( il for masculine and la for women). Or using the verb essere without an article.

Io faccio la segretaria. - I am a secretary (woman).
Io faccio il cameriere. - I'm a waiter.
Io sono autista. - I'm the driver.
Io sono cameriera. - I'm a waitress.

Sometimes Italians also ask:

Che fai nella vita? – What do you do in life?
Che fai di bello(nella vita)? What do you (pretty) do with your life? The question “Che fai di bello?” can also be asked with the meaning “What good are you doing now?”
Che fai per vivere? – What do you do for a living?

3. In the question “Che tempo fa?” – What’s the weather like outside?

The question can be answered:

Fa freddo. - Cold.
Fa freddissimo. - Very cold.
Fa caldo. - Hot.
Fa caldissimo. – It’s very hot.
Fa bel tempo. - (standing) The weather is good.
Fa brutto tempo. - (standing) Bad weather.
Nevica. Sta nevicando. – It’s snowing (in general in this place). It's snowing at the moment.
Piove. Sta piovendo. – It's raining(in general in this place). It's raining right now.
Tira vento. - The wind is blowing.
è nuvoloso. - Cloudy.
C'è la nebbia. - It's foggy outside.
C'è il sole. - The sun is shining.
Il tempo è bello. - The weather is good.
Il tempo and brutto. - The weather is bad.

Watch the video:

4. In stable terms.

When conjugating, we change only the verb fare.

fare la spesa- go grocery shopping
fare la doccia– take a shower
fare colazione– have breakfast
fare tardi- linger
fare una passeggiata- take a walk
fare la fila- stand in line
avere da fare– to have things to do (to have something to do)
fare una domanda– ask a question
fare due passi- take a walk
fare quattro chiacchiere- chat
fare schifo- to be disgusting
fare un salto da(to someone) a, in(to some place) - to run

Let's look at some examples:

Io faccio la spesa ogni giorno. – I go grocery shopping every day.
Tu fai la doccia tre volte al giorno. – You shower 3 times a day
Lui fa una passeggiata dopo il lavoro. – He takes a walk after work.
Noi facciamo la fila. - We are standing in line.
Loro hanno da fare. - They have business.
Adesso ti faccio una domanda. – Now I’ll ask you a question.
Facciamo due passi e quattro chiacchiere. - Let's go for a walk and chat.
Questa cosa fa schifo. – It’s disgusting (in taste or in general).
Stasera faccio un salto da lei. “I’ll run by her this evening.”
Faccio un salto a casa e poi vengo. “I’ll run home and then come.”
Faccio un salto in farmacia. - I'll run to the pharmacy.

And here are some more expressions with fare. Video in Russian with explanations:

And the Italians also say:

Chi fa da sé fa per tre.– You can’t do it yourself, no one can do it better. (literally: do it yourself, do it for three) It’s better to do something important for you yourself than to pass it on to others. It will work out better this way.
Ci sei o ci fai?– Are you serious (saying this) or are you pretending?
fare l'indiano- pretend that you don’t understand what is going on.
fare il portoghese– do not pay for services, can be translated as “ride as a hare”
Come si fa?- How is this done?

And in Taranto we have this saying with fare:

Fai tu e fai piovere!- Decide for yourself what to do (literally: do it and make it rain).

Now let's fix the verb fare:

A presto, Italyanochka. Italia Fai da Te.

AutorePubblicato il This site is dedicated to self-learning Italian from scratch. We will try to make it the most interesting and useful for everyone who is interested in this beautiful language and, of course, Italy itself.

Italian dialects - will we understand each other?

In Italy itself, even today you can hear many dialects, sometimes it is enough to travel only a few tens of kilometers to encounter another of them.
Moreover, dialects are often so different from each other that they can seem like completely different languages. If people from, for example, the northern and central Italian “outback” meet, they may not even be able to understand each other.
What is especially interesting is that some dialects, in addition to the oral form, also have a written form, such as the Neopolitan, Venetian, Milanese and Sicilian dialects.
The latter exists, accordingly, on the island of Sicily and is so different from other dialects that some researchers distinguish it as a separate Sardinian language.
However, in everyday communication and, especially, in large cities, you are unlikely to experience any inconvenience, because... Today, dialects are spoken mainly by older people in rural areas, while young people use the correct literary language, which unites all Italians, the language of radio and, of course, television.
It may be mentioned here that until the end of the Second World War, modern Italian was only a written language, used by the ruling class, scientists and in administrative institutions, and it was television that played a big role in the spread of the common Italian language among all inhabitants.

How it all began, origins

The history of the formation of modern Italian, as we all know it, is closely connected with the history of Italy and, of course, no less fascinating.
Origins - in Ancient Rome, everything was in the Roman language, commonly known as Latin, which at that time was the official state language of the Roman Empire. Later, from Latin, in fact, the Italian language and many other European languages arose.
Therefore, knowing Latin, you can understand what a Spaniard is saying, plus or minus a Portuguese, and you can even understand part of the speech of an Englishman or a Frenchman.
In 476, the last Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, abdicated the throne after the capture of Rome by the German leader Odoacar, this date is considered the end of the Great Roman Empire.
Some also call it the end of the “Roman language”, however, even today disputes still rage as to why exactly the Latin language lost its relevance, because of the capture of the Roman Empire by barbarians or was it a natural process and in what language? spoken towards the end of the Roman Empire.
According to one version, in ancient Rome by this time, along with Latin, the spoken language was already widespread, and it is from this popular language of Rome that the Italian that we know as Italian of the 16th century comes from, according to the second version, in connection with the invasion of the barbarians Latin mixed with various barbarian languages and dialects, and it is from this synthesis that the Italian language originates.

Birthday - first mention

On line translator

I suggest that all guests of my blog use a convenient and free Italian online translator.
If you need to translate a couple of words or a short phrase from Russian to Italian or vice versa, you can use the little translator on the sidebar of the blog.
If you want to translate large text or need other languages, use the full version of the online dictionary, where there are more than 40 languages on a separate blog page - /p/onlain-perevodchik.html

Italian language tutorial

I present a new separate section for all Italian language learners - Italian Language Self-Teacher for Beginners.
Making a blog into a full-fledged Italian tutorial is, of course, not easy, but I try to give the most convenient and logical sequence of interesting online lessons so that you can learn Italian on your own.
There will also be a section - an audio tutorial, where, as you might guess, there will be lessons with audio applications that can be downloaded or listened to directly on the site.
How to choose Italian language tutorial, where to download, or how to study it online, you will find information about this in my posts.
By the way, if anyone has ideas or suggestions on how best to organize such a tutorial on our Italian blog, be sure to write to me.

Italian on Skype

Secrets of how you can learn Italian on Skype for free, whether you always need a native speaker, how to choose a teacher, how much it costs to learn Italian via Skype, how not to waste your time and money - read about all this in the section " Italian on Skype.
Come in, read and make the right choice!