The main river of the North Kazakh plain. Lesson planning on the topic: "West Siberian Plain (North Kazakh Plain) (FGP, geological structure and relief, minerals)"

Geographical location. This plain occupies a small part in the north of Kazakhstan. In the south it borders with Saryarka. In the west, a narrow strip stretches to the Trans-Ural Plateau, in the east, a strip 200-250 km wide to the Altai Mountains.

Relief, geological structure and minerals. The plain has a general slope from south (200 m) to north (slightly more than 100 m). It consists of horizontal marine sedimentary deposits of the Paleogene and continental deposits of the Neogene, located on the surface of the Paleozoic folded-block basement. After the retreat of the sea in the Cenozoic, its bed became dry land and the modern relief of the plain was formed. The surface is mostly flat, but is dissected by a dry river network. Rivers with flow are rare. Between them there are shallow depressions, some of which are occupied by salt lakes. In some places there are ridges up to 10-15 m high.

According to its geological structure, the North Kazakh Plain is divided into four natural-territorial regions: the Esil lowland forest-steppe, the Tobol-Ubagan lowland steppe, the Esil-Ertys steppe and the Ertys-Kulunda plain.

The Yesil lowland forest-steppe is located along the Yesil River in the North Kazakhstan region. This plain is composed of clayey rocks. Its surface is covered with continental, fluvial sedimentary deposits of the Paleogene. The height of the plain reaches 130-140 m. It has many lakes and clayey salt basins. Its surface is covered with meadow and steppe plants. The forests mainly consist of birch and aspen.

The Tobol-Ubagan flat steppe borders on the Trans-Ural Plateau in the west, on the Turgai Plateau in the south, on the left bank of the Yesil in the east, and on the Yesil flat forest-steppe in the north. The height of the area in the south is 250 m, decreasing to the north. The plain is composed of clayey deposits of the Paleogene and Neogene. The rivers Uy, Yesil, Toguzak, Ayat, Tobol, Ubagan and others flow through its territory. There are few freshwater lakes, but many salt water ones. The largest of them is Lake Kushmurun. The soils are chernozem, covered with meadow plants.

The Yesil-Ertys steppe is located between the Yesil-Kamyshta forest-steppe and the plain in the eastern part of the Pavlodar region. The slopes at an altitude of 100-120 m are composed of clays of the Neogene period, the surface of the steppe is composed of sandstone and clay deposits of the anthropogene. There are many freshwater lakes in the western part. The largest of them is Shagalyteniz. The Chaglinka River flows into it. There are also salt lakes. In the Yesil zone, ridges of hills and hills stretch from northeast to southwest. Their length reaches 24 km, width - 0.5-1 km and height - 15 m. They are composed of clayey and sandy rocks of anthropogenic origin.

Dark chestnut soils predominate on the Ertys-Kulundinskaya plain (Pavlodar region). The left bank of the Ertys is composed of three terraces. The first (solonetz soils) and second terraces rise above the river level from 4-6 to 15-18 m. The floodplains are wide, stretching for 20-25 km. The height of the third terrace is 28-32 m. The slopes of the left bank of the Ertys consist of small pebbles and sandstones. The right slopes of Ertys are composed of four terraces (height 40-45 m). They are an alluvial plain with sandy soil, formed under the influence of wind. Ribbon pine forests grow on it. On the left bank of the Ertys there are lakes and dry lake basins. The largest lakes are Zhalauly and Chureksor. The Chiderti and Olenti rivers flow into Lake Zhalauly, and the Selety River flows into Lake Seletyteniz.

Minerals. A lot of minerals are found in the North Kazakh Plain. The Sokolovsko-Sarbaiskoye and Kacharskoye deposits produce iron ore. A mining and processing plant operates in the city of Rudny. Large reserves of iron have been found in the Ayatskoye and Lisakovskoye deposits, and deposits of chromite, bauxite, cobalt, and building materials have been explored.

The climate of the North Kazakh Plain is distinctly continental. In winter, Arctic air masses freely penetrate here from the north, and dry continental air masses from Central Asia in summer. In winter, the climate of the region is influenced by the Siberian anticyclone. Therefore, about 60% of precipitation (350 mm) falls in the summer months. The average temperature in July is +18°+20°C, in January -17°-19°C. There are often frosty days (-30°-35°C). There is a lot of snow (30-50 cm).

Rivers and lakes. The main river of the North Kazakh Plain is Ertys. The northern tributary of the Ob begins from the glaciers of the northwestern slopes of the Mongolian Altai in China. Along the North Kazakh Plain, the Ertys flows calmly and slowly. On a stretch of more than 1000 km to the city of Omsk, not a single tributary flows into the Ertys. At the confluence of the Tobol River with the Ertys, the riverbed becomes fuller and divides into several branches. Near Omsk, the width of the river reaches 6-8 km. From the mouth of the Tobol, the river widens even more and the channel reaches a width of 25-30 km. The main tributaries flow into the lower reaches of the Ertys: on the northern left side - Tobol, Yesil, Vagai, Kondy, on the right - Om, Tarta, Demyanka. Water is used for needs agriculture: for irrigating crops, watering pastures. The following reservoirs were built on Ertys: Zaisanskoye, Bukhtarminskoye, Maloertysskoye, as well as Bukhtarminskaya, Shulbinskaya and Ust-Kamenogorskaya hydroelectric power stations. In winter the river freezes. The river is navigable and rich in fish.

Esil (length in Kazakhstan is 1700 km) originates in Central Kazakhstan and flows into Ertys. Its waters are used in national economy. In winter the river freezes. In the spring it leaves its channel and floods the wide floodplain.

Tobol (800 km long in Kazakhstan) begins on the eastern slope Southern Urals, flows through Kazakhstan territory and flows into the Ertys in Russia. Its waters are used to meet the domestic needs of the population and for industrial purposes. There are many small rivers here: Uy, Toguzak, Ayat, Uba-gan, Shagaly, Selety, Olenti, Shiderti, etc. Most of them are fed by melted snow waters and dry up in the summer. In spring, rivers leave their beds and overflow. Some of them flow into the Ertys and its tributaries.

The largest lakes in these places are Kushmurun, Shagalyteniz, Seletyteniz, Kyzylkak, Teke, etc., and there are many small lakes. The water in them is salty.

Natural areas. Flora and fauna. Forest-steppe and steppe zones have been formed on the North Kazakh Plain. The soil cover is dominated by chernozem and dark chestnut soils on loess-like loams. The vegetation consists of forb-feather grass and feather grass-fescue groups. Timothy grass, awnless brome, carrot grass, etc. grow. Dense thickets of reeds and other moisture-loving plants are found on the alluvial-saline and saline soils of river valleys.

Forests are distributed in the territories of Kostanay and North Kazakhstan regions. The forest vegetation of the forests is represented by birch and aspen.

The fauna of the plain consists of both forest and steppe species. Here you can find elk, roe deer, corsac fox, ferret, wolf, fox, and among rodents such species as gray mouse, steppe mouse, common hamster, and ground squirrel are common. Representatives of the world of birds also live (ptarmigan, laughing gull). Once upon a time, the valleys of the Ertys and Yesil rivers were inhabited by beavers; in Northern Kazakhstan and the forests of Kostanai there were brown bears. IN recent years Due to poaching, the number of moose has sharply decreased. Muskrats brought from America were released into local rivers and lakes. Gradually she gets used to it.

Favorable natural conditions allow a large number of birds to live here. Swans, geese, ducks, and seagulls can be found in the wide expanses of reservoirs. Cranes, steppe eagles, and bustards live in the steppe. Common red sparrows, European species of motley tits, white and gray partridges, white-billed crows, woodpeckers, falcons, falcons, etc. nest in the forest-steppe. The surrounding forests and steppes are inhabited by quails, steppe hazel grouse, and little bustards.

To preserve the natural landscapes of the region with numerous species of plants and animals, various reserves and national parks. One of them is the Naurzum Nature Reserve in the Kostanay region. Area 87.7 thousand hectares. The reserve combines forest and steppe areas. The territory is flat. Height -100-150 m. Protected objects in the reserve - 42 species of animals, 6 species of fish, 687 species of plants, 286 species of birds. Waterfowl include gulls, pelicans, and swans; steppe birds include bustards, little bustards, and partridges.

The North Kazakh Plain belongs to areas of developed agriculture. Soil fertility favors high yields of cereal crops. But the waterless areas of the steppe do not always produce a large harvest. They are less humidified than the forest-steppe. There is little precipitation, winds often blow, which causes wind erosion of soils, and dust storms have a detrimental effect on vegetation. This proves the need to take special measures to protect the natural resources of this territory.

Geographical location. This plain occupies a small part in the north of Kazakhstan. In the south it borders with Saryarka. In the fuse, a narrow strip stretches to the Trans-Ural Plateau, in the east - a strip 200-250 km wide to the Altai Mountains.

Relief, geological structure and minerals. The plain has a general slope from south (200 m) to north (slightly more than 100 m). It consists of horizontal marine sedimentary deposits of the Paleogene and continental deposits of the Neogene, located on the surface of the folded blocky Paleozoic basement. After the retreat of the sea in the Cenozoic, its bed became dry land and the modern relief of the plain was formed. The surface is mostly flat, but is dissected by a dry river network. Rivers with flow are rare. Between them there are shallow depressions, some of which are occupied by salt lakes. In some places there are ridges up to 10-15 m high.

According to its geological structure, the North Kazakh Plain is divided into four natural territorial regions: the Esil flat forest-steppe, the Tobylo-Obagan flat steppe.

Esnl-Ertis steppe and Ertis-Kulyndinskaya plain.

Yesil flat forest-steppelocated along the Yesnl River in the North Kazakhstan region. This plain is composed of clayey rocks. Its surface is covered with continental, fluvial sedimentary deposits of the Paleogene.

The height of the plain reaches 130-140 m. There are many lakes and clayey salt basins. The plain is dominated by meadow and steppe vegetation. The forests mainly consist of birch and aspen.

Tobylo-Obaganskaya plain steppein the west it borders on the Trans-Ural Plateau, in the south - on the Torgai Plateau, in the east - on the left bank of the Yesil, in the north - on the Yesil flat forest-steppe. The height of the area in the south is 250 m, decreasing to the north. The plain is composed of clayey deposits of the Paleogene and Neogene. The rivers Uy, Yesil, Togyzak, Ayat, Tobyl, Obagan and others flow through its territory. There are few freshwater lakes, but many salt water ones. The largest of them is Lake Kushmurun. The soils are chernozem, covered with meadow plants.

Yesil-Ertis steppelocated between the Yesil-Kamyshlovsky tract and the lake plain in the east of the Pavlodar region. The slopes at an altitude of 100-120 m are composed of clays of the Neogene period, the surface of the steppe is composed of sandstone and clay deposits of the anthropogene. There are many freshwater lakes in the western part. The largest of them is Shaga-lalyteniz. The Shagalaly River flows into it. There are also salt lakes. In the Yesil zone, ridges of hills and hills stretch from northeast to southwest. Their length reaches 24 km, width - 0.5-1 km. height 15 m. Composed of clayey and sandy rocks of the anthropogene.

OnErtis Kulyndinsky ral nor not(Pavlodar region)

Dark chestnut soils predominate. The left bank of the Ertis is composed of three terraces. The first (solonetz soils) and second terraces rise above the river level from 4-6 to 15-18 m. The floodplains are wide, stretching for 20-25 km. The height of the third terrace is 28-32 m. The slopes of the left bank of the Ertis consist of small pebbles and sandstones. The right slopes of Ertis are composed of four terraces (height 40-45 m). They are an alluvial plain with sandy soil. Ribbon pine forests grow on it. On the left bank of the Ertis there are lakes and dry lake basins. The largest lakes are Zhalauly and Shureksor. The Shiderty and Olenty rivers flow into Lake Zhalauly, and the Silety River flows into Lake Siletyteniz.

Minerals. A lot of minerals are found on the territory of the North Kazakh Plain. Iron ore is mined in the Sokolovsko-Sarybaysky and Kasharsky deposits. A mining and processing plant operates in the city of Rudny. Large reserves of iron have been found in the Ayatskoye and Lisakovskoye deposits, and deposits of chromite, bauxite, cobalt, and building materials have been explored.

The climate of the North Kazakh Plain is characterized by sharp continental climate. In winter, Arctic air masses freely penetrate here from the north, and dry continental air masses from Central Asia in summer. In winter, the climate of the region is influenced by the Siberian Anticyclone. Therefore, about 60% of precipitation (350 mm) falls in the summer months. The average temperature in July is 18-20°C, in January -17-19C. There are often frosty days (-30-35*C). There is a lot of snow (30-50 cm).

Rivers and lakes. The main river of the North Kazakh Plain is Ertis. A northern tributary of the Ob, it begins with glaciers on the northwestern slopes of the Mongolian Altai in China. Along the North Kazakh Plain, the Ertis flows calmly, slowly; not a single tributary flows into the Ertis over a stretch of more than 1000 km to the city of Omsk. At the place where the river flows into the Ertis, the river bed becomes fuller and divides into several branches. From the mouth of Tobyl, the river widens even more, and the channel reaches a width of 25–30 km. The main tributaries flow into the lower reaches of the Ertis: from the northern left side - We Tobyl, Yesil. Vagam. Conley, on the right - Om. Tarta,

Demyanka. Water is used for agricultural needs: for irrigating crops and watering pastures. The following reservoirs were built on Ertis: Zhaisanskoye and Buktyrminskoye. Kishi Ertis, as well as Buktyrminskaya, Shulbinskaya and Ust-Kamenogorskaya hydroelectric power stations. In winter, Ertis freezes. The river is navigable and rich in fish.

Yesil(length in Kazakhstan 1700 km) originates in Central Kazakhstan and flows into the Ertis. Its waters are used in the national economy. In winter the river freezes. In spring it leaves its channel and forms a wide floodplain.

Tobyl(length in Kazakhstan 800 km) begins on the eastern slope of the Southern Urals, flows through Kazakhstani territory and flows into the Ertis in Russia. Its waters are used to meet the domestic needs of the population and for industrial purposes.

There are many small rivers here: Uy, Togyzak, Lyat, Obagan, Shagalaly, Silety, Olenty, Shiderty, etc. Most of them are fed by melted snow waters and dry up in the summer. In spring, rivers leave their beds and overflow. Some of them flow into the Ertis and its tributaries.

The largest lakes of the plain are Kushmurun, Shagalaly-teniz, Siletyteniz, Kyzylkak, Tex, etc., and there are many small lakes. The water in them is salty.

Remembercharacteristics of rivers, given in materials on the topic “Internal waters of Kazakhstan*.

Natural areas. Flora and fauna.

The North Kazakh Plain has forest-steppe and steppe zones. The soil cover is dominated by chernozems and dark chestnut soils on loess-like loams. The vegetation consists of forb-feather grass and feather grass-fescue groups. Grow timothy, white rump. carrot etc. On alluvial-saline and saline soils of river valleys there are dense thickets t/yustnik and other moisture-loving plants. Forests are distributed in the territories of Kostanay and North Kazakhstan regions. The forest vegetation of the pegs is presented birch And aspen

The fauna of the plain consists of both forest and steppe species. Meet here elk, roe deer, corsac fox, hawk. wolf, fox, Among rodents, the most common species are: gray And steppe mouse, common hamster, ground squirrel. Representatives of the world of birds also live ( white partridge. laughing gull). Once upon a time, the valleys of the Ergis and Yesil rivers were inhabited beavers, in Northern Kazakhstan and the forests of Kostyanaya were found brown bears. In recent years, due to poaching, the number has sharply decreased. moose. They launched into local rivers and lakes muskrat, brought from America. Gradually oita acclimatized.

Favorable natural conditions allow a large number of birds to live here. In wide expanses of reservoirs there are swans, geese. ducks, seagulls. They live in the steppe cranes, steppe eagles, bustards. They nest in the forest-steppe yellow sparrows, European species motley tits, white And gray partridges, crows, woodpeckers, falcons, falcons etc. The surrounding areas of forests and steppes are inhabited by quail, steppe hazel grouse. little bustards.

To preserve the natural landscapes of the region with numerous species of plants and animals, various reserves and national parks were organized. One of them is the Nauryzym Nature Reserve in the Kostanay region, which combines forest and wall areas.

The North Kazakh Plain belongs to areas of developed agriculture. Soil fertility favors high yields of cereal crops. Therefore, many areas were developed as virgin and fallow lands. But the waterless areas of the steppe do not always provide big harvests. They are less humidified than the forest-steppe. There is little precipitation, winds often blow, which causes wind erosion of soils, and dust storms have a detrimental effect on vegetation. Special measures are needed to protect the natural resources of this territory at the state level.

1.Determine the geographical location and boundaries of the North Kazakh Plain.

2.What time geological time was the North Kazakh Plain formed and what geological structure does it have?

3.Explain what conditions are associated with the flat nature of the relief.

4.Where is Kasharskoe located? Sokolovgko-Sarybliskoe. Lisakovskoe iron ore deposits?

5.Using a climate map, determine the main elements that characterize the climate of a randomly selected territory.

6.What basins do the rivers of the North Kazakh Plain belong to? Divide their main river networks, name and show them on a map.

7.What natural zones are located within the Sevsro-Kazakh Plain?

8.Which environmental problems arose in connection with the economic development of the plain territory?

West Siberian Plain It is included within the borders of the republic in its southern part, which has a local name - the North Kazakh Plain. It extends in a narrow strip in the north and northeast of the republic from the Ural Mountains to Altai.

The relief is monotonous: there are no high hills or hills. Only in some places there are manes or ridges, 5-15 m high, elongated in the north- east direction at 2-8 km. Since the plain was a seabed, it is composed of horizontal marine sediments.

The North Kazakh plain has a general slope from South to North. In the South, where the plain adjoins Saryarka, it is elevated by 200 m above sea level, and in the North and North it drops to 130-140 m.

The Turanian Plain occupies a significant territory in the southwest and south of the republic. Only part C applies to Kazakhstan. Along the outskirts it is raised up to 200m above sea level, and towards the Aral Sea it decreases. The Turanian Plain is composed of horizontally lying lacustrine-marine sediments. Within Kazakhstan, the Syr Darya divides the Turan Plain into two parts: northern and southern. The northern part is occupied by the Aral Karakum sands, as well as Ulken and Kishi Borsyk, and the southern part by the Kyzylkum sands.

TICKET

Saryarka

Saryarka occupies most of the territory of Central Kazakhstan. The length of the plain from west to east is 1200 km. Saryarka is a very ancient, heavily destroyed mountain region, consisting of leveled hills and small hilly low mountains.

The highest mountains are located in the east of the small hills. They are composed mainly of sedimentary and igneous rocks, among which granites, porphyrites, quartzites, sandstones and shales predominate.

Saryarka is rich in minerals. There is a lot of ore, iron and manganese, and rare metals are also mined.

The climate of the small hills is dry and sharply continental. Winter is cold, average t= -14-18°C. Summer is dry, hot, average temperature = 20-24°C. The average annual precipitation is 200-300mm.

There are many rivers, the largest of which are Yesil, Nura, Sarysu, Sitlety, Tokyrai. There are many salt lakes in Saryarka.

Saryarka is characterized by the landscape of steppe, semi-desert and desert zones. Chernozems predominate.

Ural

The only part of the Ural Mountains that enters the territory of Kazakhstan is its southern part, the Mugalzhar Mountains. The length of the mountains is 200 km.

The relief of Mugalzhar is similar to the Ural Mountains. These ancient mountains are mainly composed of sedimentary and igneous, metamorphic rocks of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic.

Mugalzhar is rich in nickel, cobalt, chromite, copper, ferrous and rare metals.

Mugalzhar is dry, as is the case on the adjacent plains. The average annual temperature here is lower than 1-2°C compared to other plateaus. The average annual precipitation is 300mm.

The aridity of the Mugalzhar Mountains is affected by the insufficient amount of surface waters. Several rivers originate - Zhem, Yrgyz, Tobyl, Taldy. But many of them feed on snow waters and therefore dry out in the summer.

Mugalzhar is characterized by the landscape of the steppe zone. The soils are chestnut and dark chestnut.

Date:

Grade: 8

Lesson topic: West Siberian Plain (North Kazakh Plain)

(FGP, geological structure and relief, minerals)

Lesson type: combined

Target:

Educational: to form in students knowledge about the physical-geographical position and geological structure of the West Siberian Plain on the territory of Kazakhstan. Patterns of formation of minerals.

Developmental: develop cognitive interest and geographical thinking of students; continue to develop the skills to analyze, draw conclusions, and work with the textbook.

Educating: to cultivate diligence in the learning process among schoolchildren. Develop a caring attitude towards nature during the lesson.

Equipment: physical map of Kazakhstan, textbook for 8th grade, atlas for 8th grade, contour maps, pencils, presentation, video material.

Working methods: explanatory-illustrative, partially search.

Lesson progress:

Organizational moment - 2 min

Checking homework -10 min

Updating knowledge - 2 min.

Studying new material - 25 min.

Fastening-4 min.

Rating-1min

Homework-1min

Lesson progress:

Organizational moment:

Hello! Have a seat!

Hello those who are cheerful today,

Hello those who are sad.

Hello those who communicate with joy,

Hello those who are silent.

Smile, please, those who are ready to work today with full dedication...

Amazing!!!

Today we have guests, and I hope that we will work very fruitfully. Let's check first homework.

Checking homework:

Open your textbooks and repeat the topic of the last lesson. 1 minute to repeat.

Everyone has a “grading sheet” on their desk, on which you will do the test work.

The Turanian Plain stretches into ___________________ Kazakhstan

from west to east.

List the plateaus on the territory of the Turanian Plain: _____________

The main foundation of the Turanian Plain is: ______________

______________________________________________________________.

The ridges are about 300 m high, they are composed of white limestones of the Upper Cretaceous era. What kind of mountain are we talking about?___________________________.

The largest sandy desert in Central Asia: _______________.

The severity of the nature of the plateau is expressed in its name - “Betpakdala” means “____________________”.

The following minerals are mined on the Turan Plain: _______________________________________________________________.

The Turanian plain is characterized by dry ________________________________

Climate.

In what natural areas is the Turanian Plain located? __________

______________________________________________________________.

In the clayey deserts of the Turanian Plain live _________________ _______________________________________________________________.

Geographical dictation: “Turanian Plain”

The Turanian Plain stretches to southern part Kazakhstan

from west to east.

List the plateaus on the territory of the Turanian Plain: Mangystau, Ustirt, Torgai.

The main foundation of the Turanian Plain is: Young epihercynian platform.

The ridges are about 300 m high, they are composed of white limestones of the Upper Cretaceous era. What kind of grief are we talking about? Aktau (White Mountains).

The largest sandy desert in Central Asia: Kyzylkum.

The severity of the nature of the plateau is expressed in its name - “Betpakdala” means "Hungry Steppe"

The following minerals are mined on the Turan Plain: oil, gas, building materials, table salt, soda.

The Turanian plain is characterized by dry sharply continental

In what natural areas is the Turanian Plain located? steppe, semi-desert, desert.

The clayey deserts of the Turanian Plain are inhabited by: saigas, goitered gazelles.

Evaluation criteria:

“5” - 8-9 answers correct

“4” - 6-7 answers correct

“3” - 4-5 answers correctly Point: ____________

“2” - 0-3 answers correct Score: __________

3.Updating knowledge:

Teacher: This plain occupies a small part in the north of Kazakhstan. In the south it borders with Saryarka. In the west, a narrow strip stretches to the Trans-Ural Plateau, in the east, a strip 200-250 km wide to the Altai Mountains. In the north it is limited by the state border with the Russian Federation.

Question to the class: Guys, what kind of plain do you think we are talking about? (I call one student to the map, he shows the plain).

Teacher: Guys, let's remember, what is a plain?

Student: Plain - significantly flat or hilly areas earth's surface. The height of individual parts of the plains differs little from each other.

Teacher: So, guys, today we must get acquainted with the physical-geographical position, relief and geological structure, as well as minerals of the North Kazakh Plain, write down the date and topic of the lesson on the assessment sheets.

Number______________ Lesson topic:______________________________

Lesson motto:

“Water does not flow under a lying stone!”

- to gain knowledge today in class,

you must be active!

4.Learning new material:

We will find out what the “West Siberian Plain (North Kazakh Plain)” is by watching the video material. And you children watch the video and fill out the table at the same time, then there will also be a mutual check:

Task 1: West Siberian Plain (North Kazakh Plain)

Countries

Length

Square (S)

Rivers

Natural areas

Animal world

North-south

West-East

Russia

Kazakhstan

2500 km

1900 km

2 million 600 km

Irtysh

Northern tundra

Central-taiga

South-steppe

500 species of vertebrates, including:

80 wild mammals;

350 species of birds;

7 species of amphibians;

60 species of fish.

After watching the video clip, oral survey for fixing (2min)

(Explanation of relief and geological structure)

Teacher ( children write in their notebooks): the plain has a general slope from south (200 m) to north (100 m). It consists of marine sedimentary deposits of the Paleogene and continental deposits of the Neogene, located on the surface of the Paleozoic folded-block basement. After the retreat of the sea in the Cenozoic, its bed became dry land and the modern relief was formed. Guys, what is another name for the retreat of the sea? (regression). The surface is mostly flat, but is dissected by a dry river network.

Teacher(entry in a notebook): according to the geological structure, the North Kazakh Plain is divided into 4 natural-territorial regions:

Yesil flat forest-steppe;

Tobylo-Obaganskaya plain steppe;

Yesil-Ertis steppe;

Ertys-Kulyndy Plain

(I show on the map)

Task 2 : Class assignment - using the textbook text pp. 181-183,

item relief fill out the table:

Natural-territorial region	Geographical location (border)	How is it folded	Plain height
Yesil flat forest-steppe	Located along the Yesil River in the North Kazakhstan region	It is composed of clayey rocks. The surface is covered with continental, fluvial sedimentary deposits of the Paleogene.
Tobylo-Obaganskaya plain steppe	In the west it borders with the Trans-Ural Plateau, in the south with the Turgai Plateau, in the east with the left bank of the Yesil, in the north with the Yesil flat forest-steppe.	It is composed of clayey deposits of the Paleogene and Neogene.	In the south, 250 m to the north it decreases.
Yesil-Ertis steppe	Between the Yesil-Kamyshta forest-steppe and the plain in the eastern part of the Pavlodar region.	It is composed of clays of the Neogene period, the surface of the steppe is sandstones and clays of the anthropogene.
Ertis-Kulyndy Plain	Pavlodar region	The left bank of the Ertis is composed of 3 terraces. Right slopes - 4 terraces.

Teacher: Now let’s check, go to the map, show the natural-territorial area and read out the characteristics.

Task 3. Practical part. Working with the map:

Now let's move on to minerals. Question for the class: into what groups are minerals divided by origin? (sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic). Using the atlas, identify sedimentary and then igneous minerals. Name them. (Sokolovsko-Sarbaiskoye, Kacharskoye iron ore deposits - sedimentary; Ayatskoye, Lisakovskoye iron ore deposits - magmatic).

Teacher: deposits of chromite, bauxite, cobalt, and building materials have also been explored.

Teacher: So, today you guys and I got acquainted with the physical and geographical position of the North Kazakh Plain, with its relief and geological structure, as well as with minerals.

5. Fastening:

Mini test:

1. Countries located on the West Siberian Plain?

China, Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan, Mongolia

Russia, Kazakhstan

The plain has a common slope with:

south to north

west to east

south to northeast

Remove the unnecessary:

Yesil flat steppe

Tobylo-Obaganskaya plain steppe

Alakol depression

Area of the West Siberian Plain?

2 million 600 thousand km

6 million 280 thousand km

5 million 2 thousand km

Natural zones of the West Siberian Plain:

Tundra, taiga, steppe

Desert, semi-desert

Forest-steppe, taiga, desert

Homework:

Paragraph 42, pp. 181-186. On contour map draw the border of the North Kazakh Plain and sign the natural territorial areas;

Create a crossword puzzle on the topic: “West Siberian Plain.”

Submitting your good work to the knowledge base is easy. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

There is no HTML version of the work yet.
You can download the archive of the work by clicking on the link below.

Submitting your good work to the knowledge base is easy. Use the form below

Similar documents