In order to enter a military educational institution, you must be liable for military service. Military service will have a very good effect on admission. You can enroll in a military educational institution while directly in the service. Military higher education in absentia - it is prestigious and affordable. divided into:

1. Universities of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.

2. Universities of the FSB of Russia.

3. Universities of the Russian Border Troops.

4. Universities of the Russian Ministry of Defense.

5. Universities of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia.

6. Universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

7. Universities internal troops Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

8 Suvorov, Nakhimov, Cadet schools and buildings.

Military higher education has always been highly valued. Entering a military higher education institution is not easy. In addition to knowledge and intelligence, it is necessary to have truly good health. But you can get a higher military education by correspondence. When entering the correspondence faculty of a higher military educational institution, it is a little easier, and the quality of education remains consistently high.

Rating of Russian military universities 2014

The first place in the list of higher military educational institutions where you can get correspondence education is the Combined Arms Academy of the Armed Forces Russian Federation. This university has 2 training profiles at faculties distance learning: engineering and team. The Academy is rich in its historical heritage. It trained the best officer cadres of our country. Among the students who graduated from it there are many famous and outstanding personalities.

In third place military academy Aerospace Defense, located in the city of Tver. The name of the university speaks for itself. There are 2 faculties of correspondence education: command and engineering.

Next in the ranking is the Military Academy of Logistics and Technical Support. The honor board of this educational institution is constantly updated with new excellent students, who subsequently become proud armed forces Russia.

The Air Force Academy also trains command staff for correspondence faculty.

The Naval Academy in St. Petersburg is also among the top ten highest military institutions. There are 2 profiles at the correspondence faculty: command and engineering.

All these higher military institutions have excellent material resources. Teaching staff are made up of well-trained generals and officers. The learning process uses advanced technologies, and there is also the possibility of learning via the Internet.

The right to receive education is one of the fundamental rights of citizens of Russia (Article 43 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation). The features of the implementation of this constitutional right by such a specific category of citizens as military personnel are defined in Art. 19 of the Federal Law “On the Status of Military Personnel” dated May 27, 1998 N 76-FZ, which provides for the following methods of obtaining education:
a) training in military professional educational organizations, military educational organizations of higher education, other organizations under the jurisdiction of federal executive authorities, in which military service is provided for by federal law;
b) preparation and defense of dissertations in accordance with the established procedure scientific degree(only military personnel performing military service under a contract have this right);
c) training in civil professional educational organizations or civil educational organizations of higher education and at the preparatory departments of such educational organizations of higher education with mastering educational programs by correspondence or by correspondence training (only military personnel undergoing military service under a contract have this right);

d) passing professional retraining in one of the civilian specialties without charging them for training (this right is granted to civilian military personnel performing military service under a contract, the total duration of military service of which is five years or more (not counting the time of study in military professional educational organizations and military educational organizations higher education) in the year of dismissal from military service upon reaching age limit being in military service, expiration of military service, health conditions or in connection with organizational and staffing events).
As follows from the content of paragraph 2 of Art. 19 of the Federal Law "On the Status of Military Personnel", according to the content and scope of rights in the field of education in civilian educational organizations, military personnel serving under contract are divided into two large groups: 1) officers; 2) all other military personnel performing military service under a contract (soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen, warrant officers, midshipmen).
According to paragraph 2 of Art. 19 of the Federal Law “On the Status of Military Personnel,” the legislator delegated to the Government of the Russian Federation the authority to establish the procedure for training military personnel serving under contract in civilian educational organizations. In order to implement these powers, the Government of the Russian Federation issued two important regulatory legal acts that came into force on November 15, 2014:
- Rules for the implementation of the right of those undergoing military service under a contract to study in civilian professional educational organizations or civilian educational organizations of higher education and in the preparatory departments of such educational organizations of higher education with the development of educational programs in full-time or part-time education, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation Federation dated November 3, 2014 N 1156;
- Rules for the implementation of the right of military personnel undergoing military service under a contract (with the exception of those whose continuous duration of military service under a contract is at least 3 years) to study in state-accredited educational programs of secondary vocational education and higher education, as well as at preparatory departments of federal state educational organizations of higher education at the expense of the federal budget with the development of educational programs in full-time, part-time or correspondence courses, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 3, 2014 N 1155.
This publication is devoted to the consideration of these acts of the Government of the Russian Federation.

According to the Rules approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 3, 2014 N 1156, a document confirming the right to study leave and other social guarantees for entrance examinations when applying for training and during the period of training in educational organizations, a summons certificate is issued, giving the right to provide guarantees and compensation to employees combining work with education. The form of such a certificate was approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated December 19, 2013 N 1368.
The most significant type of guarantees for military personnel to exercise the right to receive education in civilian educational organizations is educational leave, the duration of which is differentiated depending on the type of educational organization and the course in which the serviceman is studying (see the appendix to this article).
In addition to vacations, military personnel combining military service with training in civilian educational organizations are provided with the following guarantees:
a) for monetary allowance*(1):
- while on study leave granted to take entrance examinations or to pass final certification upon completion preparatory departments educational organizations, the military personnel are not paid;
- while on study leave granted during the period of study at a civilian educational organization to pass intermediate and final certification, the military personnel are paid an average monthly salary;
b) to preserve the right to study in the event of impossibility of arriving at an educational organization due to employment:
- if it is impossible for a serviceman to arrive on time to undergo intermediate or final certification in connection with his participation in exercises, ship cruises and other events, the list of which is determined by the heads of federal executive authorities in which military service is provided for by federal law, the educational organization is obliged to provide this serviceman with the opportunity passing certification at another time;
- in the case of sending a military personnel studying at an educational organization on a business trip lasting more than three months, including to participate in peacekeeping and counter-terrorism operations, he is granted academic leave in the prescribed manner on the basis of a personal application and a certificate issued by the commander of a military unit, in in which a soldier undergoes military service.
A very important norm is contained in paragraph 3 of the Rules approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 3, 2014 N 1156: study leaves and other social guarantees are provided to officers receiving education at the appropriate level for the first time, as well as to officers sent for training by the federal executive body , in which federal law provides for military service.
In order to correctly apply the act of the Government of the Russian Federation under consideration, it is necessary to understand what the concept of “level of education” is, and also how one can determine the level of education available to an officer who wishes to receive another education in a civilian educational organization.
According to Art. 2 of the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” dated December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ, the level of education is understood as a completed education cycle, characterized by a certain unified set of requirements. In accordance with paragraph 5 of Art. 10 of this legislative act in the Russian Federation the following levels of vocational education are established:
1) secondary vocational education;
2) higher education - bachelor's degree;
3) higher education - specialty, master's degree;
4) higher education - personnel training highly qualified in graduate and postgraduate studies.
Due to the fact that the overwhelming majority of those currently undergoing military service already have higher education, received in most cases in military educational organizations before the establishment of the current structure of professional education * (2), when exercising their right to receive education in civilian educational organizations may face serious problems in practice. There are often situations when commanders (superiors) refuse to provide guarantees (in particular, study leaves) to their subordinate officers related to training in civilian educational organizations, citing the fact that this is not the first time they have received higher education.
In order to prevent such conflict situations should be guided by the provisions of Art. 108 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation", which defines how educational levels (educational qualifications) in force in the Russian Federation before the entry into force of this Federal Law are equated to the levels of education currently in force (see Table 1 ).

Table 1

Table of correspondence between educational levels (educational qualifications) in force before September 1, 2013, and levels of education in force since September 1, 2013.


	Secondary (complete) general education	Secondary general education
	Primary vocational education	Secondary vocational education in training programs for skilled workers (employees)
	Secondary vocational education	Secondary vocational education in training programs for mid-level specialists
	Higher professional education - bachelor's degree	Higher education - bachelor's degree
	Higher professional education - specialist training or master's degree	Higher education - specialty or master's degree
	Postgraduate professional education in graduate school (adjunct)	Higher education - training of highly qualified personnel according to programs for training scientific and pedagogical personnel in graduate school (postgraduate studies)
	Postgraduate professional education in residency	Higher education - training of highly qualified personnel in residency programs
	Postgraduate professional education in the form of assistantship-internship	Higher education - training of highly qualified personnel under assistantship-internship programs

It should also be borne in mind that the rules set out above for the implementation of the right to study in civilian educational organizations must be applied in systemic unity with the norm provided for in paragraph. 5 p. 5 art. 19 of the Federal Law “On the Status of Military Personnel”, which is formulated as follows: “Training of citizens who have graduated from military professional educational organizations and military educational organizations of higher education and who do not have a civilian secondary vocational education or higher education, in civilian professional educational organizations or educational organizations of higher education is not considered as their receipt of a second or subsequent secondary vocational education or higher education.”
Based on the foregoing, the right to study in civilian educational organizations and to receive appropriate guarantees associated with such training, for clarity purposes, can be presented in the following form (see Table 2):

Duration of study leave provided to military personnel studying in civilian educational organizations*

Purpose of granting study leave	Type of educational organization in which the military personnel enters or studies
Purpose of granting study leave	educational organizations of secondary education	educational organizations of higher education
Passing entrance tests	10 calendar days	15 calendar days
Passing the final certification at the preparatory departments		15 calendar days
Walkthrough intermediate certification: - in the first and second years; - on each subsequent course	30 calendar days each 40 calendar days	40 calendar days*(3) 50 calendar days
Passing the state final certification	up to 2 months	up to 4 months

─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
*(1) According to clause 157 of the Procedure for providing monetary allowances to military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, approved by Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2011 N 2700, when providing military personnel with educational leaves, monetary allowances for the periods of these leaves of a specified duration, increased by the time of travel to the location of the specified organization and vice versa, is paid in the manner established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation for employees combining work with training (this procedure is established by Articles 173, 174 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

Features of admission

A second higher military education is a difficult goal, but achievable. Education at universities of the Ministry of Defense is financed from the budget, that is, it is free for citizens, so it can either be the first, or is considered as an increase in the level of education previously received by officers.

For those who already have a diploma from any civilian university or institute, the only opportunity to enter a military university is to remain after military service in the army on a contract and apply for competitive selection for enrollment in the chosen institution - an academy or military school.

Lists of candidates for training are submitted by military registration and enlistment offices and the army command. The age of applicants is calculated as of August 1 of the year of admission. Most graduates of civilian universities are already 22-23 years old by the time they receive their diploma, so even with a great desire to facilitate admission, military commissariat employees will not be able to do anything.

The rules for admission to all military universities can be studied in the “Education” section of the official website of the Ministry of Defense.

Specialties of higher military education

The number and types of specialties at a university depend on what branch and type of troops the educational institution prepares officers for:

Strategic Missile Forces.
Ground forces.
Corps of Engineers.
Space Forces.

For example, at the Mikhailovsky Military Artillery Academy, among the specialties there are radio-electronic systems, automated control systems and information processing. But in scientific center Navy Military Medical Academy named after. Admiral N.G. Kuznetsov can master the management of the navigator service of the Navy or the development, operation and ensuring nuclear safety of facilities nuclear energy Navy and other narrow specializations.

In the largest army university of the Russian Federation - the Military University - 11 faculties with 53 departments provide training in 13 areas: from the humanities and philology to financial and economic, conducting and command profiles. In total, more than 2,000 disciplines are taught, including 22 foreign languages.

Contents of master's and bachelor's degree programs

The educational programs of military universities are not only unique in each individual educational institution, but most of them are classified or at least not publicly available. But the main tasks of each of these programs are as follows:

To train sergeants with average vocational education, officers with higher education and scientific and pedagogical employees for the needs of the RF Armed Forces and federal executive authorities.
Satisfy the needs of students in moral, intellectual and cultural development by providing them with all the necessary knowledge and skills at the levels of secondary, higher, and postgraduate education.

In addition to higher military education, graduates of military universities receive state diplomas and civilian specialties that comply with the Federal State Educational Standard for Higher Professional Education.

Top 5 universities

Each of the 27 military universities of the Russian Federation deserves to take a place on the list of the best.

Among higher educational institutions not subordinate to the military department, the following are popular:

MPI FSB of the Russian Federation (formerly MVI FPS of the Russian Federation) - Moscow Border Institute of the FSB of the Russian Federation.
AFSB RF - FSB Academy (Moscow).

The conditions for admission to them are basically no different from the regulations for admission to military universities, except that candidates are selected even more strictly.

Forms of training

You can study at military universities only full-time. The cadets are in a barracks position and are subject to army regulations. In a sense, studying at a higher educational institution of the Ministry of Defense or another law enforcement agency is, so to speak, a light version military service. Upon completion, graduates are awarded the officer rank of lieutenant.

Citizens of the Russian Federation who have completed secondary education can apply for first higher education. The duration of study depends on the specialty and ranges from 5 to 6 years. For officer trainees improving their qualifications or educational level - 2 years.

Quality of military education in Russia

The Russian Army is one of the most combat-ready in the world. This is not surprising, since many career officers of the Russian armed forces participated in various military conflicts. Experts say that the defense complex is the largest expenditure item in the state budget, and training command staff, army officers and specialists are qualitatively superior to the training of students in other sectors educational system RF.

The Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation received the title of the best in 2012 educational institution Europe.

If the reason for dismissal was age, health or organizational arrangements, then:
- A person is provided with housing in any area of his choice.
- Citizens are required to give land out of turn for the purpose of building their own home.
- If housing is not provided, then the reserve remains in the queue until his right is exercised.
A military pensioner is provided with funds or a certificate from the federal budget to purchase an apartment when moving.

Important: it is prohibited to dismiss a serviceman who is not provided with an apartment from the armed forces without his consent.

Benefits for contract military personnel: how the state helps the military

Payment of monetary compensation for service on weekends during the preparation of any events or as otherwise necessary. In this case, the military is paid money in exchange for additional free days.
Increasing the duration of leave in accordance with the length of service. Every 5 years, 5 days are added, and when serving in conditions Far North 15 days are added.
The right to receive free medical care in special departmental health care institutions.
Payment of allowances upon arrival at a new duty station; money is paid to the military personnel themselves and members of their families. In addition, the officer himself and his family members are guaranteed payment for travel to the place of duty or to the place of vacation.
Three years after entering service under a contract, military personnel are given the right to free higher and secondary specialized education; they can undergo training at any state university or technical school. As a rule, officers who wish to master a useful specialty for service are sent for training.
Shortened retirement period. When serving under a contract, it is only 20 years. If a military man leaves after 20 years of service or more, he receives severance pay, the amount of which is 7 salaries. If the term is less than 20 years, then the severance pay is 2 salaries.

Benefits for military pensioners and members of their families

In connection with the changes, since 2012, monetary compensation in the amount of 600 rubles for the serviceman himself and in the amount of 300 rubles for the spouse of a military pensioner and each of his minor children has been abolished. The payment of monetary compensation to pay for the cost of vouchers for children aged 6.5 to 15 years inclusive to sanatorium and resort institutions has also been cancelled.

What tax breaks are there for military retirees?

Unfortunately, there are no benefits for military pensioners to pay for housing and communal services, at least at the country level. But regional authorities often provide former military personnel with some preferences in this area. For example, in the capital, military veterans who have reached general retirement age pay utility bills at a 50% discount. This guarantee is established by the Moscow Law “On measures of social support for certain categories of Moscow residents” No. 70 of November 3, 2004.

Benefits for military pensioners in 2020 - list of required financial assistance and amount of subsidies

Travel on urban and suburban passenger transport is constantly becoming more expensive, so for many categories of beneficiaries, purchasing tickets becomes a significant expense item. Regional and federal authorities are trying to do everything possible to ensure that vulnerable citizens can use public transport, if not completely free, then pay a minimum fare. In Moscow, all citizens receiving a military pension and living in the capital or the Moscow region enjoy the right to free travel. The only exception is taxi.

On the right of military personnel to receive education in civilian educational organizations

Due to the fact that the overwhelming majority of officers currently serving in military service already have higher education, obtained in most cases in military educational organizations before the establishment of the current structure of professional education * (2), when exercising their right to receive education in civilian In educational organizations, serious problems may arise in practice. There are often situations when commanders (superiors) refuse to provide guarantees (in particular, study leaves) to their subordinate officers related to training in civilian educational organizations, citing the fact that this is not the first time they have received higher education.

What benefits are available to military pensioners in 2020?

When entering service in any department, a serviceman is assigned to the medical institution that serves him. Having retired due to length of service or for another reason, he has the right to receive the necessary consultations and medical care in full there. And it also has the ability to:

Benefits, rights and privileges for military pensioners and members of their families in 2020-2020: social and material assistance to military personnel discharged into the reserve

Free trip to a sanatorium (once a year).
Family members can also take advantage of this benefit. But for them you will have to pay half of the trip to the sanatorium or children's camp Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
Tickets without payment to the location of the health facility (also once a year).
Services in military medical institutions. The preference applies to all family members of pensioners and other dependents.
In addition, they are entitled to reimbursement of property and land taxes.

Benefits for military pensioners

What travel benefits do military pensioners have in 2020? A question that worries many. Indeed, the right to travel (free) for military pensioners in public transport urban type available. You just need to present your ID to the driver of the vehicle before boarding.

Dismissal from military service: grounds, lump sum benefits, provision for military pensioners

The main tax benefits that a reserve officer is entitled to claim are state compensation for land and property taxes. Both types of payments to the budget can be calculated in a significant amount. In particular, property tax is now determined based on its cadastral value, which, as a rule, is much higher than the inventory value at which this payment was previously calculated. Therefore, this amount of government assistance may be very appropriate for the family budget of a reserve military personnel.

List and procedure for providing benefits to military personnel and their families

Payment for utilities is made taking into account the 30% specified in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, which applies to: water, sewerage, electricity and gas. If the house is not equipped with central heating, then this benefit can also be used when purchasing fuel.
Free medicines for children under 6 years of age.
Free travel on any type of public transport.
Free meals for children in any educational institution.
Free school and sports uniforms.
Free visit to a museum, exhibition or cultural park, but no more than once a month.

How to become a military man

✔ Social package. Payment for tuition and living expenses, government benefits, military mortgages and many other privileges are available to military personnel. The state fully provides for the military from the moment of admission to educational institution. The stipend for a student at a university is much higher than a scholarship for a student at a civilian university.

Who pays for a second higher education for military pensioners?

The answer to this question lies in the comments to the law, which indicate that: “officers who received higher education in military universities of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation but do not have a civilian secondary or higher specialized education are considered from the point of view of training in civilian universities as receiving appropriate education for the first time” ( paragraph 6, paragraph 5, article 19 of the Law “On the status of military personnel.”

Benefits for military pensioners - payment for housing and communal services, sanatorium-resort treatment and others

Retired military personnel can take advantage of a number of benefits when paying for the services of management companies. Benefits for paying housing and communal services for military pensioners provide for a discount or compensation. Its size varies between 30-50% of the cost of these services and is set at the regional level.

Conditions for granting a second pension to military personnel

up to 10 years for participation in eliminating the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant;
up to 10 years for service in hot spots or at facilities located underground;
up to 5 years for service in the Far North and in territories equivalent to it;
up to 5 years for service in radiation hazardous places.